From the Sector

Aufgrund ihrer ausgezeichneten mechanischen Eigenschaften und ihrem geringen Eigengewicht werden in Leichtbauanwendungen, bei denen eine hohe Festigkeit und Steifigkeit bei zugleich minimalem Gewicht entscheidend sind, zunehmend carbonfaserverstärkte Kunststoffe (CFK) eingesetzt. Jedoch gehen mit dem wachsenden Einsatz an CFK auch große Mengen an Carbonfaserabfällen einher. Für diese haben sich bisher nur Verarbeitungsrouten etablieren können, die eine signifikante Verringerung der CFK-Eigenschaften und somit eine Einschränkung der Einsatzbereiche aufweisen. Die Deutschen Institute für Textil- und Faserforschung Denkendorf (DITF) haben hochorientierte Tapes aus recycelten Carbonfasern (rCF) entwickelt, die auch für Hochleistungsanwendungen wie Strukturbauteile im Automobil wiedereingesetzt werden können.

Carbonfasern werden in der Regel aus erdölbasierten Rohstoffen in einem energieintensiven Prozess hergestellt, wobei große Mengen CO₂ ausgestoßen werden. Das verwendete Material entspricht einem Treibhauspotential von ungefähr 20 – 65 Kilogramm CO₂-Äquivalenten pro Kilogramm. Trotzdem steigt die Produktion von CFK weiterhin und mit ihr auch die Menge an CFK-Abfällen. Denn je nach Verarbeitungsverfahren fällt in der Produktion bis zu 50 Prozent Verschnitt an. Hinzu kommen große Mengen CFK-Abfälle in Form von Bauteilen, die das Ende ihrer Lebenszeit erreicht haben. Allein in Europa werden bis 2030 voraussichtlich etwa 8.000 Passagierflugzeuge mit erheblichen Anteilen an CFK aus dem Betrieb genommen.

Aktuell werden lediglich 15 Prozent der CFK-Abfälle rezykliert. Die übrigen über 85 Prozent dieser CFK-Bauteile landen am Ende ihrer Lebensdauer in Müllverbrennungsanlagen oder Deponien. Durch die Verbrennung kann zwar Energie in Form von Wärme oder Strom gewonnen werden. Ein Recycling der Carbonfasern würde jedoch weit mehr für den Klima- und Ressourcenschutz beitragen.

In den letzten Jahren wurden deshalb verschiedene Recyclingverfahren für CFK, wie die Pyrolyse oder Solvolyse, weiterentwickelt, um Carbonfasern in hoher Qualität zurückzugewinnen.

Im Vergleich zu Neufasern sind die Einsatzmöglichkeiten von recycelten Carbonfasern deutlich eingeschränkt. In einem Neufaserprodukt liegen Carbonfasern üblicherweise in Filamentsträngen von technisch unbegrenzter Länge und zudem in Lastrichtung orientiert vor. Auf diese Weise entfaltet die Carbonfaser ihr volles Potential, da sie ihre maximale Festigkeit in Faserrichtung aufweist. Durch das Recycling kommt es zwangsläufig zu einer Einkürzung der Carbonfasern auf Längen im Mikrometer- bis Zentimeterbereich. Zusätzlich geht die Lastrichtungsorientierung der Carbonfasern verloren, die Fasern liegen zunächst in Wirrlage vor.

Die DITF befassen sich nun bereits seit ca. 15 Jahren erfolgreich damit, die klassischen Spinnereiprozesse an das neuartige Fasermaterial rCF anzupassen. Ziel ist es dabei, eine neue Kategorie von rCF-Tape-Halbzeugen zu entwickeln und in ihren mechanischen Eigenschaften so zu verbessern, dass sie Neufasermaterial in strukturellen Anwendungen tatsächlich ersetzen kann. Nur dann sind carbonfaserbasierte Verbundwerkstoffe wirklich kreislauffähig.

Um ein orientiertes Halbzeug ähnlich eines Carbonprodukts aus Neufasern herzustellen, ist es entscheidend, die Wirrlage der rCF aufzuheben und die Fasern wieder parallel zueinander auszurichten. Eine vielversprechende Möglichkeit dies zu erreichen, stellt die Herstellung von hochorientierten Tapes dar.

Hierbei werden die Carbonfasern in einem ersten Schritt geöffnet und mit thermoplastischen Matrixfasern (Polyamid 6) gemischt. Im Anschluss wird die Fasermischung in einem für die Verarbeitung von Carbonfasern modifizierten Krempelprozess weiter separiert und orientiert. Am Auslauf der Krempel wird das im Krempelprozess entstehende Faserflor zu einem Faserband zusammengefasst und in eine Kanne abgelegt. Dieses rCF/PA6-Faserband stellt das Ausgangsmaterial für den folgenden Tapebildungs-Prozess dar und weist bereits eine Vororientierung der Carbonfasern auf. Im nachfolgenden Verstreckprozess kann die Orientierung der Fasern noch gesteigert werden. Durch das Verziehen des Faserbandes werden die Fasern in Verzugsrichtung bewegt und längs ausgerichtet. Der letzte Prozessschritt ist die Tapebildung, bei der das Faserband unter Spannung in die gewünschte Form gebracht und anschließend in eine endlose Tapestruktur fixiert wird. Bei der Fixierung schmelzen die Thermoplastfasern teilweise oder komplett auf und erstarren anschließend.

Diese an den DITF entwickelte Technologie zur Herstellung von hochorientierten rCF-Tapes wurde im Rahmen des Forschungsprojektes „Infinity“ (03LB3006) eingesetzt, um einen nachhaltigen und faserschonenden Recyclingkreislauf für CFK nachzuweisen. Auf Basis der „Infinity“-Tapes wurde ein Verbundwerkstoff entwickelt, der 88 Prozent der Zugfestigkeit und des Zugmoduls eines vergleichbaren Neufaserprodukts erzielte. Zudem ergab eine Lebenszyklusanalyse, dass sich das Treibhauspotenzial bei Einsatz von Pyrolysefasern um ca. 49 Prozent und für rCF aus Produktionsabfällen um ca. 66 Prozent reduziert.

Die Ergebnisse weisen somit den Weg zur echten Substitution von Neufaser-CFK durch Recycling-CFK anstelle des Downcyclings zu schwach orientierten Materialien und dem damit verbundenen Verlust an mechanischen Eigenschaften.

The Cleanzone, the trade fair for cleanroom and purity technology, hygiene and contamination control, took place in Frankfurt am Main on September 25 and 26, 2024. The Cleanzone Award is presented at the trade fair to recognize groundbreaking advances in innovation, automation, sustainability and efficiency in the field of cleanroom technology. This year, the award went to the German Institutes of Textile and Fiber Research Denkendorf (DITF) and the Dastex Group GmbH for the development of a test method for cleanroom garments - the ReBa².

With the Realistic Bacterial Barrier (ReBa²) test method, the DITF offer a new biological method for determining the bacterial penetration for cleanroom garment textiles. Particularly in the manufacturing of sterile pharmaceuticals, bacteria, skin flakes and fiber particles that can originate from persons and their clothing pose a risk to the products manufactured in the cleanroom. Special cleanroom garments have the task of minimizing this risk. To assess the barrier function, the “bacterial penetration” is determined, among other properties. This provides information on how many bacteria from the human skin flora pass through the cleanroom garments to the outside when worn.

The ReBa² test method largely reproduces the situation when wearing cleanroom garments and thus enables a meaningful determination of the bacterial penetration. It is also possible to consider numerous test scenarios. In addition to the influence of intermediate garments worn under the cleanroom garments, the sweating process or the pre-wetting of the cleanroom garments by liquid splashes in the manufacturing process or by disinfectants can also be tested. The method was developed at the DITF in collaboration with the Dastex Group GmbH.

Protective gloves, such as those used for work, sport or household gardening, retrieve their protective function from a special coating. This coating provides abrasion resistance, makes the material waterproof and resistant to chemicals or oil, and even protects against cuts and punctures. Until now, coatings made of oil-based polymers, nitrile rubber or latex have been the main materials used. Scientists at the German Institutes of Textile and Fiber Research Denkendorf (DITF) have succeeded in developing a robust yet flexible glove coating using environmentally friendly lignin in a 3D printing process.

Coatings that are subject to mechanical stress always suffer from a certain degree of abrasion that is dispersed in the surrounding area. This is also the case with coated protective gloves. In order to avoid long-term pollution of the environment, materials should be used whose abrasion particles are biodegradable. The aim of the research project was to improve conventional protective equipment and integrate more sustainable materials.

The biopolymer lignin is a natural component of plant cells that is produced in large quantities as a by-product of paper manufacturing. Due to its properties, it represents an environmentally friendly alternative to oil-based coating polymers.

The scientists developed biopolymer compounds containing lignin, which were used to produce thermoplastic materials that can be processed using 3D printing.

Lignin has few polar groups, which makes lignins hydrophobic and therefore insoluble in water. For this reason, they biodegrade slowly. This makes them particularly suitable for durable coating materials.

Despite this durability, lignin particles that are released into the environment through abrasion biodegrade faster than the abrasion of conventional coatings. This is due to the much higher surface/volume ratio.

The use of 3D printing makes it possible to produce the coating precisely and efficiently. The 3D printing process also makes it possible to adapt the glove to the individual needs of the wearer. This increases wearer comfort and promotes freedom of movement.

The research project shows that the use of lignin not only offers ecological benefits, but that protective gloves coated with it are also particularly durable and resistant. They meet safety standards and at the same time contribute to sustainability in the world of work.

Dass angewandte Forschung an textilen Produkten und deren Ausgangsmaterialien ganz entschieden zur Verbesserung unserer Lebensverhältnisse beiträgt, davon konnten die Deutschen Institute für Textil- und Faserforschung Denkendorf (DITF) die Öffentlichkeit beim Tag der offenen Tür am 14. Juli 2024 überzeugen. An 29 Forschungsstationen und mit einem Vortragsprogramm gewährten die DITF dem Publikum Einblick in ihre Labore und Technika und informierten zu aktuellen Forschungsthemen. Rund 2000 Besucherinnen und Besucher nutzten die Gelegenheit für einen Blick hinter die Kulissen.

Fasern und Textilien stecken in vielen Produkten des täglichen Bedarfs und leisten auch als technische Textilien wertvolle Dienste in fast allen industriellen Bereichen. Produkte, neue Verfahren, Prüftechniken und Laborversuche - an 29 Stationen wurde eindrucksvoll vermittelt, an welchen Themen die Forscherinnen und Forscher in Denkendorf aktuell arbeiten. Die Textilforschung bildet unseren gesamten Lebensalltag ab - das zeigte die große Themenvielfalt der Veranstaltung nachdrücklich. Zu allen relevanten Zukunftsthemen wie Medizin, Mobilität, Architektur, Umwelt und Energie wird in Denkendorf geforscht, werden textile Erzeugnisse und Fertigungsverfahren verbessert oder neu geschaffen.

Die Exponate, experimentellen Vorführungen und Themen waren so aufbereitet, dass jeder auch ohne Vorkenntnisse einfach erfassen konnte, welche Hintergründe aktuelle Forschungsthemen haben und wie moderne Textilforschung Problemstellungen löst.

Die Nachhaltigkeit textiler Produkte ist dabei ein dringliches Thema, das mit mehreren Themen aufgegriffen wurde. So konnte man sich darüber informieren, wie natürliche Materialien zu Hochleistungsfasern versponnen werden, wie Kleidung regional und mit geringer Umweltbelastung hergestellt wird oder unter welchen Bedingungen Fasern biologisch abbaubar sind.

Die Bildung textiler Flächen durch Stricken, Flechten und Weben gehören zu den klassischen Fertigkeiten der Textilindustrie. In den Technika führte das DITF-Team vor, wie ein moderner Maschinenpark diese Aufgaben schnell und präzise ausführt. Die Besucherinnen und Besucher erlangten Kenntnis darüber, wofür man diese Techniken in der Forschung benötigt – etwa für die Konstruktion neuer 3D-Gewirke, um neue Fasermaterialien für die textile Fertigung vorzubereiten oder um die zugrundeliegende Verfahrenstechnik zu optimieren.

Hochleistungsfasern, Medizinprodukte und Smart Textiles bildeten weitere Schwerpunkte an den Forschungsstationen. Wie man hochfeste Fasern für Luft- und Raumfahrt produziert, unter welchen Bedingungen textile Medizinprodukte ihren Weg in den Operationssaal finden und wie es möglich ist, immer mehr digitale Funktionen in Textilien zu integrieren, all das sind Beispiele für Forschung, die praktische Anwendung im Alltag findet.

Moderne Analytik und Messtechnik sind notwendig, um die Entwicklung neuer Materialien zu begleiten. Die Prüflabore der DITF stellten hier beispielhaft dar, wie vielfältig diese sein muss, um neue Materialien zu entwickeln. So wurde zum Beispiel die textile Durchstoßprüfung für den Fechtschutz demonstriert oder im Schallmessraum die akustische Absorption textiler Vorhänge gemessen.

Neben den Forschungsstationen, die sich in Rundgängen zur eigenen Erkundung anboten, stellten die Forscherinnen und Forscher in 13 Vorträgen zu ausgewählten Forschungsthemen ihre Arbeitsergebnisse dem Publikum vor. Im Mittelpunkt aller Vortragsthemen: Der praktische Bezug zum Alltag. Denn Forschung an den DITF ist angewandt und soll immer Resultate liefern, die in der Praxis umgesetzt werden. Dass das gelingt, davon konnten die Referentinnen und Referenten zu Themen wie z.B. Bionik, Faserverbundwerkstoffen und nachhaltiger Faserherstellung überzeugen.

Als weiteres Highlight boten Mitmachstationen die Gelegenheit, selbst Experimente durchzuführen und dabei wissenschaftliche Zusammenhänge zu verstehen. Familien versuchten sich an Experimenten aus der Chemie, nutzten Pflanzenvliese für Aussaatversuche und erkundeten selbständig mit dem Stereomikroskop textile Materialien.

A new type of pure synthetic leather meets the requirements of the European Ecodesign Regulation. Made from a bio-based plastic, it is biodegradable and meets the requirements for a closed recycling process.

Many synthetic leathers consist of a textile substrate to which a polymer layer is applied. The polymer layer usually consists of an adhesive layer and a top layer, which is usually embossed. The textile backing and the top coat are usually completely different materials. Woven, knitted, or nonwoven fabrics made of PET, PET/cotton, or polyamide are often used as textile substrates. PVC and various polyurethanes are commonly used for coatings. The use of these established composite materials does not meet today's sustainability criteria. Recycling them by type is very costly or even impossible. They are not biodegradable. The search for alternative materials for the production of artificial leather is therefore urgent. In 2022, the EU adopted the Sustainable Products Initiative (SPI) ("Green Deal"). It includes an eco-design regulation that considers a product's life cycle in the conservation of resources. For textile and product design, this means incorporating closing the loop or end-of-life into product development.

In an AiF project carried out in close cooperation between the DITF and the Freiberg Institute gGmbH (FILK), it has now been possible to develop a synthetic leather in which both the fiber material and the coating polymer are identical. The varietal purity is a prerequisite for an industrial recycling concept.

The aliphatic polyester polybutylene succinate (PBS) was recommended as the base material because of its properties. PBS can be produced from biogenic sources and is now available on the market in several grades and in large quantities. Its biodegradability has been demonstrated in tests. The material can be processed thermoplastically. This applies to both the fiber material and the coating. Subsequent product recycling is facilitated by the thermoplastic properties.

In order to realize a successful primary spinning process and to obtain PBS filaments with good textile mechanical properties, process adjustments had to be made in the cooling shaft at the DITF. In the end, it was possible to spin POY yarns at relatively high speeds of up to 3,000 m/min, which had a tenacity of just under 30 cN/tex when stretched. The yarns could be easily processed into pure PBS fabrics. These in turn were used at FILK as a textile base substrate for the subsequent extrusion coating, where PBS was also used as a thermoplastic.

With optimized production steps, PBS composite materials with the typical structure of artificial leather could be produced. Purity and biodegradability fulfill the requirements for a closed recycling process.

Gemeinsam mit internationalen Partnern aus Industrie und Forschung präsentieren die DITF auf dem touchpoint textile der drupa die Digital Textile Micro Factory. Vorgestellt wird eine voll vernetzte On-Demand Produktion von sportiven Produkten – vom virtuellen Design bis zum fertigen Produkt.

Ein Highlight ist der Materialpuffer zwischen Drucker und Cutter, der den fortlaufenden Prozess des Druckens mit dem schrittweise erfolgenden Zuschnitt verknüpft. Am Ende der Fertigungskette sortiert ein Roboterarm die zu einem Produkt gehörenden Zuschnitte wie etwa Vorder- und Rückenteil sowie Ärmel und Kragenblende eines T-Shirts in entsprechende Boxen. Händisches Eingreifen ist nur noch in Ausnahmefällen nötig. Auf der Messe wird ebenfalls der Carbon Footprint von der virtuellen Entwicklung bis zum fertigen Produkt ermittelt und anhand eines Modells erklärt.

Digital vernetzte Design- und Produktionsketten machen es in Zukunft möglich, schnell und gezielt auf Kundenwünsche und Trends zu reagieren und so Umwelt und Ressourcen zu schonen, indem Produkte auf den Bedarf abgestimmt werden.

Die drupa ist die weltweit führende Messe für die Druckindustrie und Treffpunkt der internationalen Print & Packaging-Branche. Sie findet vom 28. Mai bis 7. Juni 2024 auf der Messe Düsseldorf statt.
Der touchpoint textile befindet sich in Halle 4.

By establishing touchpoint textile, drupa has created a special forum to showcase pioneering applications in digital textile printing. The highlight will be the Digital Textile Micro Factory – a fully connected, integrated process chain starting with the customer enquiry and design through to large-format digital textile printing.

touchpoint textile represents drupa’s growing expansion into new markets comprising such segments as packaging production, large-format or industrial and functional printing next to packaging production. All of these segments are undergoing the same transformation processes and offer enormous growth potential. The special forum revolves around the opportunities and challenges of digital textile printing, brings together renowned exhibitors, industry partners and brand owners and provides scope for cross-industry cooperation, new projects as well as product and manufacturing ideas. The operational content partners of touchpoint textile include the German Institutes for Textile and Fibre Research Denkendorf (DITF), as Europe’s largest textile research centre, as well as ESMA, the European Specialist Printing Manufacturers Association.

Digital Textile Micro Factory: on-demand and virtual products – on the path towards sustainable production
In cooperation with 12 partners from industry and research the DITF will demonstrate a Digital Textile Micro Factory live at drupa and, hence, a fully connected, integrated process chain from design to finished product. This will present new possibilities for digitalisation and direct customer involvement, for instance in the form of 3D apparel simulations complete with links to design networks for creative input. Digital workflows and virtual products are integrated directly in the manufacturing process. As a special highlight for all trade visitors the technology partners of this Micro Factory will demonstrate an automated on-demand production, textile printing, cutting and sorting – without any manual interaction. Such decentralised and digitally connected design and production chains will enable the textile industry to respond to customers’ requests and trends in a more targeted manner in future. This means, touchpoint textile 2024 technologically points the way to a future without shelf-warmers. In addition, the carbon footprint for the complete process from virtual development to finished product will be modelled and presented at the trade fair.  

2024 will see the design competition “drupa – textile design talents” being held for the first time. This was conceived of by the DITF and will be implemented by the partner Mitwill. This provides up-coming textile designers and newcomers with a unique opportunity to introduce their ideas and visions to a professional audience.

Broad industry support
A project as comprehensive as the Micro Factory requires many strong partners. The companies “on board” here include: Assyst/Germany (3D simulation for digital apparel twins), Mitwill Textiles Europe/France (creative design network), D.G.I. Digital Graphics Incorporation/South Korea, Multi-Plot Europe/Germany (large-format textile printing), LEONHARD KURZ Stiftung/Germany, Zünd/Switzerland (digital cutting), robotfactory/Denmark, Asco/The Netherlands (presenting an innovative buffer solution between digital printing and cutting, automated sorting of cut parts from the cutter by robotfactory) as well as Brother/Japan (for small-format textile printing and bonding technology). Vaude and berger textiles will be sponsoring the touchpoint. Another key partner is the Albstadt-Sigmaringen University that is supporting the project as a conceptual sponsor and which has set itself the clear mission to incorporate these new topics into its curriculum. This means the staff of the future will be geared up to the new challenges ahead.

Another partner of touchpoint textile is the European Specialist Printing Manufacturers Association (ESMA), which is responsible for the lecture programme. ESMA represents industrial, functional and specialist printing and acts as an organiser of educational events in the field of textile printing. At drupa speakers from research, development, and industry will address issues related to printing and finishing techniques, workflows, market developments and sustainability, to name but a few. The focus will also be on trends and applications that unlock ever new potential through the interplay of digital printing and textile printing substrates. The lectures are divided into the categories Research, Finishing, Print Systems & Hardware, Substrates, Inks & Chemistry and Software & Electronics. Assyst, for example, will deliver talks on the virtual development of apparel as well as the research project ECOShoring, which is funded by the “Deutsche Bundesstiftung Umwelt” – DBU (German Federal Environmental Foundation) and focuses on personalised and on-demand sustainable manufacturing. Other speakers represent Adobe, Balta Group, Barbieri Electronic, Brother, Centexbel, CST, DITF, Fujifilm Speciality Ink Systems, HS Albsig, Kornit Digital, Meteor Inkjet, Mimaki, Mitwill, Multiplot, Print-Rite, RWTH Aachen, Seiko Instruments, Tiger Coatings, Xaar, Zünd and the list is updated on regular basis.

drupa will be held at the Düsseldorf Exhibition Centre from 28 May to 7 June 2024.

The “Cellulose Fibres Conference 2024” held in Cologne on 13-14 March demonstrated the innovative power of the cellulose fibre industry. Several projects and scale-ups for textiles, hygiene products, construction and packaging showed the growth and bright future of this industry, supported by the policy framework to reduce single-use plastic products, such as the Single Use Plastics Directive (SUPD) in Europe.

40 international speakers presented the latest market trends in their industry and illustrated the innovation potential of cellulose fibres. Leading experts introduced new technologies for the recycling of cellulose-rich raw materials and gave insights into circular economy practices in the fields of textiles, hygiene, construction and packaging. All presentations were followed by exciting panel discussions with active audience participation including numerous questions and comments from the audience in Cologne and online. Once again, the Cellulose Fibres Conference proved to be an excellent networking opportunity to the 214 participants and 23 exhibitors from 27 countries. The annual conference is a unique meeting point for the global cellulose fibre industry.  

For the fourth time, nova-Institute has awarded the “Cellulose Fibre Innovation of the Year” Award at the Cellulose Fibres Conference. The Innovation Award recognises applications and innovations that will lead the way in the industry’s transition to sustainable fibres. Close race between the nominees – “The Straw Flexi-Dress” by DITF & VRETENA (Germany), cellulose textile fibre from unbleached straw pulp, is the winning cellulose fibre innovation 2024, followed by HONEXT (Spain) with the “HONEXT® Board FR-B (B-s1, d0)” from fibre waste from the paper industry, while TreeToTextile (Sweden) with their “New Generation of Bio-based and Resource-efficient Fibre” won third place.

Prior to the event, the conference advisory board had nominated six remarkable innovations for the award. The nominees were neck and neck, when the winners were elected in a live vote by the audience on the first day of the conference.

First place
DITF & VRETENA (Germany): The Straw Flexi-Dress – Design Meets Sustainability
The Flexi-Dress design was inspired by the natural golden colour and silky touch of HighPerCell® (HPC) filaments based on unbleached straw pulp. These cellulose filaments are produced using environmentally friendly spinning technology in a closed-loop production process. The design decisions focused on the emotional connection and attachment to the HPC material to create a local and circular fashion product. The Flexi-Dress is designed as a versatile knitted garment – from work to street – that can be worn as a dress, but can also be split into two pieces – used separately as a top and a straight skirt. The top can also be worn with the V-neck front or back. The HPC textile knit structure was considered important for comfort and emotional properties.

Second place
Honext Material (Spain): HONEXT® Board FR-B (B-s1, d0) – Flame-retardant Board made From Upcycled Fibre Waste From the Paper Industry
HONEXT® FR-B board (B-s1, d0) is a flame-retardant board made from 100 % upcycled industrial waste fibres from the paper industry. Thanks to innovations in biotechnology, paper sludge is upcycled – the previously “worthless” residue from paper making – to create a fully recyclable material, all without the use of resins. This lightweight and easy-to-handle board boasts high mechanical performance and stability, along with low thermal conductivity, making it perfect for various applications in all interior environments where fire safety is a priority. The material is non-toxic, with no added VOCs, ensuring safety for both people and the planet. A sustainable and healthy material for the built environment, it achieves Cradle-to-Cradle Certified GOLD, and Material Health CertificateTM Gold Level version 4.0 with a carbon-negative footprint. Additionally, the product is verified in the Product Environmental Footprint.

Third Place
TreeToTextile (Sweden): A New Generation of Bio-based and Resource-efficient Fibre
TreeToTextile has developed a unique, sustainable and resource efficient fibre that doesn’t exist on the market today. It has a natural dry feel similar to cotton and a semi-dull sheen and high drape like viscose. It is based on cellulose and has the potential to complement or replace cotton, viscose and polyester as a single fibre or in blends, depending on the application.
TreeToTextile Technology™ has a low demand for chemicals, energy and water. According to a third party verified LCA, the TreeToTextile fibre has a climate impact of 0.6 kg CO2 eq/kilo fibre. The fibre is made from bio-based and traceable resources and is biodegradable.

The next conference will be held on 12-13 March 2025.

The DITF is leading the joint project "DACCUS-Pre*". The basic idea of the project is to develop a new building material that stores carbon in the long term and removes more CO₂ from the atmosphere than is emitted during its production.       

In collaboration with the company TechnoCarbon Technologies, the project is now well advanced - a first demonstrator in the form of a house wall element has been realized. It consists of three materials: Natural stone, carbon fibers and biochar. Each component contributes in a different way to the negative CO₂ balance of the material:

Two slabs of natural stone form the exposed walls of the wall element. The mechanical processing of the material, i.e. sawing in stone cutting machines, produces significant quantities of stone dust. This is very reactive due to its large specific surface area. Silicate weathering of the rock dust permanently binds a large amount of CO₂ from the atmosphere.

Carbon fibers in the form of technical fabrics reinforce the side walls of the wall elements. They absorb tensile forces and are intended to stabilize the building material in the same way as reinforcing steel in concrete. The carbon fibers used are bio-based, produced from biomass. Lignin-based carbon fibers, which have long been technically optimized at DITF Denkendorf, are particularly suitable for this application: They are inexpensive due to low raw material costs and have a high carbon yield. In addition, unlike reinforcing steel, they are not susceptible to oxidation and therefore last much longer. Although carbon fibers are more energy-intensive to produce than steel, as used in reinforced concrete, only a small amount is needed for use in building materials. As a result, the energy and CO₂ balance is much better than for reinforced concrete. By using solar heat and biomass to produce the carbon fibers and the weathering of the stone dust, the CO₂ balance of the new building material is actually negative, making it possible to construct CO₂-negative buildings.

The third component of the new building material is biochar. This is used as a filler between the two rock slabs. The char acts as an effective insulating material. It is also a permanent source of CO₂ storage, which plays a significant role in the CO₂ balance of the entire wall element.

From a technical point of view, the already realized demonstrator, a wall element for structural engineering, is well developed. The natural stone used is a gabbro from India, which has a high-quality appearance and is suitable for high loads. This has been proven in load tests.  Bio-based carbon fibers serve as the top layer of the stone slabs. The biochar from Convoris GmbH is characterized by particularly good thermal insulation values.

The CO₂ balance of a house wall made of the new material has been calculated and compared with that of conventional reinforced concrete. This results in a difference in the CO₂ balance of 157 CO₂ equivalents per square meter of house wall. A significant saving!

* (Methods for removing atmospheric carbon dioxide (Carbon Dioxide Removal) by Direct Air Carbon Capture, Utilization and Sustainable Storage after Use (DACCUS).

The EU directive on the further development of sustainability reporting (CSRD) poses major challenges for companies and the public sector. Until now, the regulations have only applied to large capital market-oriented companies. However, far-reaching changes to sustainability reporting are expected when the CSRD is transposed into national law in 2024. The German Institutes of Textile and Fiber Research (DITF) are facing up to this challenge of external reporting and at the same time the responsibility for sustainable and resource-conserving science. The Textile Research Center has therefore set up a specialist department reporting to the Executive Board.

The DITF are reaffirming their commitment to sustainability with the appointment of the previous Head of the Competence Center Textile Chemistry, Environment & Energy, Dr.-Ing. habil. Thomas Stegmaier, as Chief Sustainability Officer (CSO). In addition to this new role, Stegmaier will continue to provide his expertise to the Competence Center Textile Chemistry, Environment & Energy as Deputy Head.

The task of the Chief Sustainability Officer is to develop solutions to reduce the DITF's energy and resource consumption, promote renewable energies and implement efficient energy use. The management team, the operational organizational units and all employees are involved in the process.

The CSO also acts as a driving force for both the Executive Board and the research departments to promote sustainability issues.