From the Sector

At this year's JEC World, STFI will be presenting highlights from carbon fibre recycling as well as a new approach to hemp-based bast fibres, which have promising properties as reinforcement in lightweight construction.

Green Snowboard
At JEC World in Paris from 5 to 7 March 2024, STFI will be showcasing a snowboard from silbaerg GmbH with a patented anisotropic coupling effect made from hemp and recycled carbon fibres with bio-based epoxy resin. In addition to silbaerg and STFI, the partners Circular Saxony - the innovation cluster for the circular economy, FUSE Composite and bto-epoxy GmbH were also involved in the development of the board. The green snowboard was honoured with the JEC Innovation Award 2024 in the “Sport, Leisure and Recreation” category.

VliesComp
The aim of the industrial partners Tenowo GmbH (Hof), Siemens AG (Erlangen), Invent GmbH (Braunschweig) and STFI united in the VliesComp project is to bring recycled materials back onto the market in various lightweight construction solutions. The application fields "Innovative e-machine concepts for the energy transition" and "Innovative e-machine concepts for e-mobility" were considered as examples. On display at JEC World in Paris will be a lightweight end shield for electric motors made from hybrid nonwovens - a mixture of thermoplastic fibre components and recycled reinforcing fibres - as well as nonwovens with 100% recycled reinforcing fibres. The end shield was ultimately manufactured with a 100% recycled fibre content. The tests showed that, compared to the variant made from primary carbon fibres using the RTM process, a 14% reduction in CO₂ equivalent is possible with the same performance. The calculation for the use of the prepreg process using a bio-resin system shows a potential for reducing the CO₂ equivalent by almost 70 %.

Bast fibre reinforcement
To increase stability in the plant stem, bast fibres form in the bark area, which support the stem but, in contrast to the rigid wood, are very flexible and allow slender, tall plants to move in the wind without breaking.A new process extracts the bast bark from hemp by peeling.The resulting characteristic values, such as tensile modulus of elasticity, breaking strength and elongation, are very promising in comparison with the continuous rovings made of flax available on the market.The material could be used as reinforcement in lightweight construction.At JEC World, STFI will be exhibiting reinforcing bars that have been processed into a knitted fabric using a pultrusion process based on bio-based reinforcing fibres made from hemp bast for mineral matrices.

Das Innovationsnetzwerk FAKOSI - Komfort- und Sicherheitstechnologien für elektrische Leichtfahrzeuge (LEVs) wird für weitere zwei Jahre aus Mitteln des Zentralen Innovationsprogramm Mittelstand (ZIM) gefördert. Einen entsprechenden Antrag hat das Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Klimaschutz (BMWK) bewilligt. Damit werden bis September 2025 weiterhin Fördermittel für die Entwicklung von innovativen Konzepten, Systemen und Komponenten im Bereich LEVs gestellt und die technologische Wettbewerbsfähigkeit und Innovationskraft von kleinen und mittleren Unternehmen (KMU) gestärkt. Hierbei werden Schwerpunkte in den Themen Insassen- und Fußgängerschutz, Unfallvermeidung, Crashsicherheit, persönliche Schutzausrüstung sowie in der Digitalisierung und Vernetzung von Systemen verfolgt.

Um die konkreten Entwicklungsbedarfe zu adressieren vereint FAKOSI Kompetenzen in Materialwissenschaften, Leichtbau, Fertigungsverfahren, Sensorik, Informatik und weiteren naturwissenschaftlich-technischen Fachrichtungen mit mittelständischen Herstellern und Dienstleistern aus den Bereichen Machine Vision, Embedded Systems und KI.  Der dadurch im Netzwerkverbund entstehende Technologie- und Wissenstransfer sichert insbesondere KMU eine hohe Wettbewerbsfähigkeit.

Aktuell sind acht Unternehmen und vier Forschungseinrichtungen an FAKOSI beteiligt. Interessierte Unternehmen und Forschungseinrichtungen sowie potenzielle Anwender:innen können weiterhin an dem Innovationsnetzwerk oder an den daraus entstehenden F&E-Projekten partizipieren. Im Zuge der Mitgliedschaft werden die Partner:innen aktiv bei der Identifizierung und Initiierung von Innovationsprojekten sowie der Sicherstellung von Finanzierungen durch Fördermittelakquise unterstützt.

Zwei Anträge auf ZIM-Projektförderung wurden im Rahmen von FAKOSI bereits bewilligt. Im Innovationsprojekt "AutoFL" strebt die Katulu GmbH den Aufbau eines automatisierten Federated Learning Ansatzes an. Unter Einbezug höchstmöglicher Data Privacy soll dieser Ansatz es kleineren und mittleren Unternehmen ermöglichen, fortschrittliche Techniken des Machine Learning zu nutzen, selbst wenn keine Data-Science-Expertise im Unternehmen vorhanden ist. Die Katulu GmbH mit Sitz in Hamburg ist auf die Entwicklung von industriellen FL-Lösungen spezialisiert. Das Unternehmen berät Industrieunternehmen aus Branchen wie Maschinenbau, Halbleiter und Chemie bei der Entwicklung souveräner und nachhaltiger Industrie 4.0-Lösungen. Im ZIM-Innovationsprojekt "WindMate" haben sich die Ventus Technologies GmbH und das Lehr- und Forschungsgebiet Fahrzeugsicherheit der Ostfalia Hochschule für angewandte Wissenschaften zusammengeschlossen, um ein wegweisendes präventives Warnsystem vor starken Windböen im Straßenverkehr zu entwickeln. Durch den neuen digitalen Assistenten soll die Verkehrssicherheit für LKW und andere Nutzfahrzeuge windanfällige Fahrzeugklassen maßgeblich erhöht werden.

Ebenfalls wurde ein Antrag auf Forschungszulage für den Zeitraum von zwei Kalenderjahren erfolgreich bewilligt. Mit dem Forschungszulagengesetz (FZulG) haben Unternehmen und Start-ups einen Rechtsanspruch auf die steuerliche Förderung ihrer Aufwendungen für Forschung und Entwicklung (F&E). Die Forschungszulage kann für bis zu vier Jahren rückwirkend beantragt werden.

Die IWS GmbH hat das Netzwerkmanagement für FAKOSI übernommen und unterstützt die Partner:innen von der ersten Idee über die Suche nach passenden Projektpartner:innen bis zur Ausarbeitung und Koordination von Förderanträgen. Die Grundlage der Finanzierung der F&E-Vorhaben soll das Zentrale Innovationsprogramm Mittelstand (ZIM) des Bundesministeriums für Wirtschaft und Klimaschutz bilden, das durch weitere Bundes- und EU-Programme ergänzt wird.

FAKOSI-Netzwerkpartner:innen: CESYS GmbH, GeBioM mbH, Katulu GmbH, Momes Gmb, SkySpirit GmbH,tagItron GmbH, Treo - Labor für Umweltsimulation GmbH, Ventus Technologies GmbH, BIBA - Bremer Institut für Produktion und Logistik GmbH, Faserinstitut Bremen e. V. (FIBRE), Fraunhofer-Institut für Fertigungstechnik und Angewandte Materialforschung IFAM, Ostfalia Hochschule für angewandte Wissenschaften

The winners of the prestigious Innovation Award for Fibre-Reinforced Plastics of the AVK, the German Federation of Reinforced Plastics, were presented in Salzburg this year. This award always goes to businesses, institutions and their partners for outstanding innovations in composites the three categories Products & Applications, Processes & Methods and Research & Science. Projects are submitted in all three categories and are evaluated by a jury of experts in engineering and science as well as trade journalists, who look at each project in terms of their levels of innovation, implementation and sustainability.

Products & Applications category
First place: “Insulating Coupling Shaft for Rail Vehicles” – Leichtbauzentrum Sachsen GmbH, partner: KWD Kupplungswerk Dresden GmbH

Second place: “Electric Car Battery Housing Components Based on Innovative Continuous Fibre-Reinforced Phenolic Resin Composites” – SGL Carbon

Third place: “High Performance Recycled Carbon Fibre Materials (HiPeR)” – Composites Technology Center GmbH (CTC GmbH), partners: Faserinstitut Bremen e. V, Sächsisches Textilforschungsinstitut e.V., C.A.R. FiberTec GmbH; partners Japan: Faserinstitut Bremen e.V., Sächsisches Textilforschungsinstitut e.V., C.A.R. FiberTec GmbH; Partner Japan: CFRI Carbon Fiber Recycle Industry Co., Ltd., IHI Logistics and Machinery Corporation, ICC Kanazawa Institute of Technology

Innovative Processes & Methods category
First place: “Chopped Fibre Direct Processing (CFP)” – KraussMaffei Technologies GmbH, partner: Wirthwein SE

Second place: “CIRC - Complete Inhouse Recycling of Thermoplastic Compounds” – Fraunhofer Institute for Production Engineering and Automation (IPA), partners: Schindler Handhabetechnik GmbH, Vision & Control GmbH

Third place: “CarboScreen – Sensor-Based Monitoring of Carbon-Fibre Production” – CarboScreen GmbH, partner: Institute of Textile Technology at RWTH Aachen University

Research & Science category
First place: “Development of a Stereocomplex PLA Blend on a Pilot Plant Scale” – Faserinstitut Bremen e. V.

Second place: “Fibre-Reinforced Salt as a Robust Lost Core Material” – Technical University of Munich, Chair of Carbon Composites, partners: Apppex GmbH, Haas Metallguss GmbH

Third place: “VliesSMC – Recycled Carbon Fibres with a Second Life in the SMC Process” – Sächsisches Textilforschungsinstitut e.V. (STFI), partner: Fraunhofer Institute for Chemical Technology (ICT)

Entries for the next Innovation Award 2024 can be submitted from January 2024 onwards.

• ITA Master's graduate wins Hanns Voith Foundation Award 2023

In his Master's thesis, Flávio André Marter Diniz, a graduate of the Institut für Textiltechnik of RWTH Aachen University (ITA), developed ultra-thin polyethylene (PE) carbon fibres with a filament diameter 2-3 times smaller than usual. In addition, the use of PE-based precursors will make it possible to reduce the price of carbon fibres by 50 per cent in the future, thus opening up a wide range of other possible applications in key industries such as wind power, aerospace and automotive. For this groundbreaking development, Marter Diniz was awarded the Hanns Voith Prize with the Hanns Voith Foundation Award in the category "New Materials". The prize is endowed with € 5,000 in prize money.

Flávio André Marter Diniz won the prize in the category "New Materials" for his master thesis entitled "Investigation of the stabilisation and carbonisation process for the production of ultra-thin polyethylene-based carbon fibres".

The use of carbon fibres in highly stressed lightweight construction solutions, such as today's growth applications of wind turbines or pressure tanks, has become indispensable due to their excellent mechanical properties and low density. High manufacturing costs of conventional PAN precursor-based carbon fibres make the material very cost-intensive. In addition, it is not sufficiently available. New manufacturing approaches that develop alternative raw materials and manufacturing processes can be a key and growth engine for further industrial composites applications.

The aim of the work was to develop a new and cost-effective manufacturing process for high-quality ultra-thin carbon fibres using a polyethylene precursor. For this purpose, the sulphonisation process, which is time-consuming today, was to be significantly shortened. As a result, Mr. Marter Diniz produced novel ultra-thin polyethylenebased carbon fibres with a filament diameter < 3 μm with an excellent surface quality of the fibres without detectable structural defects. The fibre diameter is 2-3 times smaller than that of conventional PANbased CF. This provides the basis for mechanically high-quality material properties. At the same time, Mr. Marter Diniz was able to reduce the sulphonisation time by 25 percent. The developed material and technology set important milestones on the way to cheaper carbon fibres. With PE-based precursors, the price of CF can be reduced by 50 percent compared to conventional PAN-based CF.  

A total of five other young scientists were awarded in six categories (Drive Technology, Innovation & Technology/Artificial Intelligence, New Materials, Paper, Hydropower and Economic Sciences. This year, for the 10th time, the Hanns Voith Foundation awarded the Hanns Voith Prize to outstanding young scientists.

Unter dem Motto „Textiltechnik als Schlüsseltechnologie der Zukunft“ informieren sich Maschinenproduzenten, Anwender, Textilfachleute und Forschende über neueste Entwicklungen in den Themenbereichen:

• Ressourceneffiziente und nachhaltige Prozesse
• Textiltechnologien für den Leichtbau
• Digitalisierung in der textilen Produktion
• Additive Fertigung mit Fasern und Textilien

Das Format bietet neben klassischen Vorträgen im Plenarteil und vier Themenkomplexen auch Pitches sowie studentische und wissenschaftliche Projektvorstellungen bzw. Exponate-Präsentationen.

Im Plenarteil der Veranstaltung werden der europäische GFK-Markt vorgestellt und die Bedeutung des Mittelstandes für die deutsche Volkswirtschaft näher beleuchtet.

Ausgewählte technologische Highlights der Fachvorträge in diesem Jahr sind neuartige Verfahren zum 3D-Druck, innovative Carbon-Textilien für die Betonarmierung sowie neue Digitalisierungsstrategien für den Maschinenbau und die Textilindustrie.

Kooperationspartner der diesjährigen Veranstaltung sind das tschechische Generalkonsulat und tschechische Branchenverbände.

The AVK – Industrievereinigung Verstärkte Kunststoffe – has once again presented its Innovation Awards to companies, institutes and their partners. Three composites innovations were recognised in each of the three categories – “Innovative Products/Applications”, “Innovative Processes” and “Research and Science” – at the new event JEC Forum DACH on 23 November 2021, the first edition of which was held in Frankfurt.

“As usual, the submissions included a lot of very interesting and promising products and processes this year. The Innovation Awards highlight the outstanding efficiency, cost-effectiveness and sustainability of fibre-reinforced plastics as well as the companies and institutes operating in the sector,” explains Dr. Elmar Witten, Managing Director of the AVK. The jury of leading experts from the industry honoured the following innovations this year:

Category “Research and Science”
First place in the “Research and Science” category was awarded to the German Aerospace Center (DLR) for its Bondline Control Technology (BCT). This innovative process is used for quality control and assurance of bonded joints. The core element is a porous fabric which is applied to a joining surface using an epoxy adhesive or matrix resin. Peeling away the fabric creates a chemically reactive and undercut surface and can also be used as a test to check adhesion to the substrate. BCT has potential in a variety of possible applications. For example, peel ply can be replaced by BCT fabric to produce composite components with an optimised joining surface. The cost-effective BCT peel test is suitable for coupon testing and process control. In addition, the combined adhesion test and surface pre-treatment can be used for quality assurance of bonded repairs on fibre composite structures.

Second place was taken by the Institute of Textile Technology (ITA) at RWTH Aachen University and its partners AEROVIDE GmbH, Altropol Kunststoff GmbH, Basamentwerke Böcke GmbH, TechnoCarbon Technologies GbR with “StoneBlade – Lightweight construction with granite for the wind industry”. This innovation enables manufacturers to reduce the amount of non-recyclable materials used in rotor blade construction. At the same time, it reduces the weight of these components and improves the mechanical properties relating to the stability of wind turbines. The innovative approach replaces glass-fibre reinforced plastic in the blade components with hard rock – a natural, cost-effective and recyclable lightweight material. The slabs of rock are cut and ground to a thickness of just a few millimetres and embedded in a fibre composite laminate with carbon fibre, which stabilises them for alternating load cases. The pre-stressed material is pressure-stable in the composite and can absorb tensile forces in the event of continuously alternating loads without any loss of stiffness.

Third place went to the Dresden University of Technology – Institute for Lightweight Construction and Plastics Technology (ILK) with its partner Mercedes Benz AG for the interdisciplinary development of a highly integrated inductive charging module for electric vehicles. The ultra-thin charging module was designed to make optimum use of space in the vehicle underbody without reducing ground clearance. An interdisciplinary approach was adopted for the development process. This involved the electrical, mechanical and process characterisation of high-frequency Litz wires, ferromagnetic foil and metal wire cloth as well as the creation of a simulation model. The result is a demonstrator for a charging system with a structural height of 15 mm and a total weight of 8 kg. It achieves a transmission efficiency of up to 92 percent at 7.2 kW nominal power and active air cooling. The hardware demonstrator was fabricated in a 3-step process using RTM and VARI techniques.

Overview of all the winners in the three categories:
Category “Innovative Products/Applications”
1st Place: “Traffic signs from Nabasco (N-BMC)” – Nabasco Products BV and Lorenz Kunststofftechnik GmbH, partners: Pol Heteren BV and NPSP BV
2nd Place: “Novel, ultratough vinyl ester resin for the construction of large marine vessels” Evonik Operations GmbH
3rd Place: “Air intake housing with a multi-material design for gas turbines” – MAN Energy Solutions SE, Leichtbau-Zentrum Sachsen GmbH and Leichtbau-Systemtechnologien KORROPOL GmbH.
Category “Innovative Processes”
1st Place: “In-mould wrapping” off-tool, film-coated, fibre composite components for exterior applications – BMW Group, Partner: Renolit SE
2nd Place: “Adaptive automated repair of composite structural components in the aviation sector” – Lufthansa Technik AG, Partner: iSAM AG
3rd Place: “Automated surface pre-treatment using VUV excimer lamps” – CTC GmbH
Category “Research and Science”
1st Place: “Bondline Control Technology (BCT)” – German Aerospace Center (DLR)
2nd Place: “StoneBlade – Lightweight construction with granite for the wind industry” – Institute of Textile Technology at RWTH Aachen University, Partners: AEROVIDE GmbH, Altropol Kunststoff GmbH, Basamentwerke Böcke GmbH, TechnoCarbon Technologies GbR
3rd Place: “Interdisciplinary development of a highly integrated inductive charging module for electric vehicles” – Dresden University of Technology – Institute for Lightweight Construction and Plastics Technology (ILK), Partner: Mercedes Benz AG

Submissions for the next Innovation Award can be made from the end of January 2022.