From the Sector

Borealis is commemorating its thirtieth year of operations. Born of a merger between Statoil and Neste, Borealis has expanded from its early Nordic roots to become one of the top polyolefins players. Its dedication to value creation through innovation has produced proprietary and transformative technologies which benefit society and accelerate the transition to a circular economy. The company is regularly ranked as Austria's top innovator in the European Patent Index and holds an extensive patent portfolio of around 8,900 granted patents. In Europe in particular, Borealis has for decades bolstered the industrial landscape by investing in its capital assets, and by providing thousands of jobs.

Innovations
Borealis uses technological innovation to add value to polyolefin-based applications, ensure that production processes are made more resource efficient, and to accelerate plastics circularity. Borstar®, the multi-modal proprietary technology for the manufacture of polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP), has been a mainstay of Borealis success since the start-up of the first Borstar PE plant in Porvoo, Finland in 1995. Borstar has since been joined by other technology brands, like Borlink™, an innovation for the power cable industry; Borstar® Nextension Technology, an innovation that among other benefits facilitates the production of monomaterial applications designed for recycling; or the Borcycle™ M technology for mechanical recycling, which breathes new life into polyolefin-based, post-consumer waste, transforming it into applications with a lower carbon footprint.

Global Expansion
With the strong support of its two majority shareholders OMV (Austria) and The Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (ADNOC, UAE), Borealis continues to expand its global footprint. The joint venture Borouge, established in 1998 in the UAE, and listed on the Abu Dhabi Securities Exchange (ADX) since 2022, is one of the largest integrated polyolefin complexes. It is currently the site of the company’s largest-ever growth project: Borouge 4, the new USD 6.2 billion facility in Ruwais, which will serve customers in the Middle East and Asia. In North America, the Baystar™ joint venture, founded in 2017 and operated with partner TotalEnergies, entailed the construction of a new ethane cracker as well as the most advanced Borstar plant ever built outside of Europe. The PE Borstar 3G plant in Pasadena, Texas was started up in late 2023 and has brought Borstar to this continent for the first time. Borealis’ commitment to Europe as a production location is evidenced by the new, world-scale propane dehydrogenation (PDH) plant currently under construction at Borealis operations in Kallo, Belgium.

Für die Transformation der Industrie hin zur Klimaneutralität sind zügige Genehmigungsverfahren eine zentrale Rahmenbedingung. Denn sie bestimmen darüber, ob notwendige Maßnahmen schnell umgesetzt werden können. Mit dem nun veröffentlichten Diskussionspapier legt die unter dem Dach der Landesgesellschaft NRW.Energy4Climate arbeitende Initiative IN4climate.NRW konkrete Vorschläge zur Weiterentwicklung des Rechtsrahmens vor.

EnWG, UVPG, BImSchG, BauGB: Diese Kürzel stehen für Bundesgesetze, die erheblichen Einfluss auf die Dauer von Genehmigungsverfahren nehmen können. Um die Industrie beim klimaneutralen Umbau bestmöglich zu unterstützen, ist es notwendig, diesen bestehenden Rechtsrahmen weiterzuentwickeln. Hier setzt das Diskussionspapier »Vorschläge zur Beschleunigung von Genehmigungsverfahren für die Transformation der Industrie zur Klimaverträglichkeit« an. In fünf Themenfeldern formuliert das Papier Vorschläge zur Änderung des Bundesrechts. Ausgangspunkt sind dabei Praxiserfahrungen der energieintensiven Grundstoffindustrie und der zugehörigen Infrastruktursektoren.

Samir Khayat, Geschäftsführer von NRW.Energy4Climate: »In unserer Initiative IN4climate.NRW bringen wir Wissenschaft, Politik und Wirtschaft an einen Tisch und erarbeiten Lösungsansätze, um den klimaneutralen Umbau der Industrie in der Praxis umzusetzen. Schnelle Genehmigungsverfahren sind hierbei von ganz zentraler Bedeutung. In dem Diskussionspapier machen wir konkrete Vorschläge, die echtes Beschleunigungspotenzial haben. Denn notwendige Umbaumaßen müssen, unter Wahrung der rechtlichen Vorgaben, zeitnah und zielgerichtet umgesetzt werden können.«

Den Diskussionsbeitrag hat IN4climate.NRW gemeinsam mit Partnerunternehmen in der Arbeitsgruppe »Genehmigungsverfahren« erarbeitet. Hierzu gehören Heidelberg Materials, thyssenkrupp Steel, Open Grid Europe und das Fraunhofer-Institut für Umwelt-, Sicherheits- und Energietechnik UMSICHT.

Bundeseinheitliche Beschleunigung von Fachverfahren
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Ulrich Seifert vom Fraunhofer UMSICHT und einer der Autoren: »Die grundsätzliche Passfähigkeit der Vorschläge in den bestehenden Rechtsrahmen und plausibel darstellbare Bezüge zu übergeordneten, rechtsverbindlichen Zielen des Klimaschutzes waren die Leitmerkmale, um aus den beigesteuerten Hinweisen und Empfehlungen der Industriepartner eine Auswahl treffen und ausformulieren zu können. Die Vorschläge konzentrieren sich auf mögliche Änderungen des Bundesrechts, da in erster Linie eine bundeseinheitliche Beschleunigung von Fachverfahren angestrebt werden sollte, die allen Betroffenen in der Praxis zugutekommt. Sie folgen dem erkannten Bedarf, Transformationsvorhaben in der Breite den Weg zu ebnen und dabei auch notwendige Infrastrukturen einzubeziehen.«

Einige der in dem Papier enthaltenen Vorschläge sind bereits Gegenstand laufender Prozesse zur Gesetzesnovellierung, zu welchen das Papier durch die Einbettung in Praxiserfahrungen einen ergänzenden Beitrag leisten möchte. Die Vorschläge sind in die Themenfelder Energiewirtschaftsgesetz (EnWG), Gesetz über die Umweltverträglichkeitsprüfung (UVPG), Bundes-Immissionsschutzgesetz (BImSchG), Baugesetzbuch (BauGB) und Übergreifendes untergliedert. Jedem Änderungsvorschlag wird eine kurze Beschreibung der rechtlichen Situation vorangestellt, die die Problematik mit dem Blick auf zügige Genehmigungsverfahren veranschaulicht. Dem einzelnen Änderungsvorschlag folgt die juristische Begründung.

Researchers at the ITA, the University of Bonn and Heimbach GmbH have developed a new method for removing oil spills from water surfaces in an energy-saving, cost-effective way and without the use of toxic substances. The method is made possible by a technical textile that is integrated into a floating container. A single small device can remove up to 4 liters of diesel within an hour. This corresponds to about 100 m2 of oil film on a water surface.
 
Despite the steady expansion of renewable energies, global oil production, oil consumption and the risk of oil pollution have increased steadily over the last two decades. In 2022, global oil production amounted to 4.4 billion tons! Accidents often occur during the extraction, transportation and use of oil, resulting in serious and sometimes irreversible environmental pollution and harm to humans.

There are various methods for removing this oil pollution from water surfaces. However, all methods have various shortcomings that make them difficult to use and, in particular, limit the removal of oil from inland waters.

For many technical applications, unexpected solutions come from the field of biology. Millions of years of evolution led to optimized surfaces of living organisms for their interaction with the environment. Solutions - often rather unfamiliar to materials scientists and difficult to accept. The long-time routine examination of around 20,000 different species showed that there is an almost infinite variety of structures and functionalities. Some species in particular stand out for their excellent oil adsorption properties. It was shown that, e.g., leaves of the floating fern Salvinia molesta, adsorb oil, separate it from water surfaces and transport it on their surfaces (Figure 1, see also the video of the phenomon.).

The observations inspired them to transfer the effect to technical textiles for separating oil and water. The result is a superhydrophobic spacer fabric that can be produced industrially and is therefore easily scalable.

The bio-inspired textile can be integrated into a device for oil-water separation. This entire device is called a Bionic Oil Adsorber (BOA). Figure 2: Cross-section of computer-aided (CAD) model of the Bionic Oil Adsorber. The scheme shows an oil film (red) on a water surface (light blue). In the floating cotainer(gray), the textile (orange) is fixed so that it is in contact with the oil film and the end protrudes into the container. The oil is adsorbed and transported by the BOA textile. As shown in the cross-section, it enters the contain-er, where it is released again and accumulates at the bottom of the container. See also the video regarding the oil absorption on the textile, source ITA).
 
Starting from the contamination in the form of an oil film on the water surface, the separation and collection process works according to the following steps:

• The BOA is introduced into the oil film.
• The oil is adsorbed by the textile and separated from the water at the same time.
• The oil is transported through the textile into the collection container.
• The oil drips from the textile into the collection container.
• The oil is collected until the container is emptied.

The advantage of this novel oil separation device is that no additional energy has to be applied to operate the BOA. The oil is separated from the surrounding water by the surface properties of the textile and transported through the textile driven solely by capillary forces, even against gravity. When it reaches the end of the textile in the collection container, the oil desorbs without any further external influence due to gravitational forces. With the current scale approximately 4 L of diesel can be separated from water by one device of the Bionic Oil Adsorber per hour.

• It seems unlikely that a functionalized knitted spacer textile is cheaper than a conventional nonwoven, like it is commonly used for oil sorbents. However, since it is a functional material, the costs must be related to the amount of oil removed. In this respect, if we compare the sales price of the BOA textile with the sales prices of various oil-binding nonwovens, the former is 5 to 13 times cheaper with 10 ct/L oil removed.
  Overall, the BOA device offers a cost-effective and sustainable method of oil-water separation in contrast to conventional cleaning methods due to the following advantages:
• No additional energy requirements, such as with oil skimmers, are necessary
• No toxic substances are introduced into the water body, such as with oil dispersants
• The textiles and equipment can be reused multiple times
• No waste remains inside the water body
• Inexpensive in terms of the amount of oil removed.
• The team of researchers from the ITA, the University of Bonn and Heimbach GmbH was able to prove that the novel biomimetic BOA technology is surprisingly efficient and sustainable for a self-controlled separation and automatic collection of oil films including their complete removal from the water. BOA can be asapted for open water application but also for the use in inland waters. Furthermore, it is promising, that the textile can be used in various related separation processes. The product is currently being further developed so that it can be launched on the market in 2-3 years.

The shareholders of SGL Carbon SE approved all agenda items at the Annual General Meeting on May 9, 2023. The Annual General Meeting, which was held virtually, was attended by up to 114 electronically connected shareholders who, together with the postal votes submitted, represented 64.64% of the share capital.

CEO Dr. Torsten Derr began his speech with a review of SGL Carbon's two-year transformation phase. "In two years, we have been able to increase our sales by 23.5% and adjusted EBITDA by as much as 86.2%. In parallel, we reduced our debt by 40.4%," Dr. Derr elaborated. He also reported on the past financial year and the expectations for the future economic development of the company. In doing so, he also addressed SGL Carbon's growth markets in detail. "Over the past two years, we have made SGL fit for the future. With our products, we serve industries that significantly reflect the trends for the future: climate-friendly mobility, renewable energies and digitalization," he explained.

After 14 years on the Supervisory Board of SGL Carbon, this was Dr. h.c. Susanne Klatten's last Annual General Meeting as Chairwoman of the Supervisory Board. She had already informed the Company on February 14, 2023, that she would be leaving the Board at the end of this Annual General Meeting. As the largest shareholder, Dr. h.c. Klatten will remain associated with SGL Carbon through SKion GmbH.

As proposed, the Annual General Meeting elected Prof. Dr. Frank Richter as a shareholder representative on the Supervisory Board to succeed Dr. h.c. Susanne Klatten. Following the Annual General Meeting, the constituent meeting of the Supervisory Board elected Prof. Dr. Richter as Chairman of the Supervisory Board. Prof. Dr. Richter is Managing Director of SKion GmbH, Bad Homburg, which holds a stake of approximately 28.55% in SGL Carbon SE. Furthermore, Ingeborg Neumann, Managing Partner of Peppermint Holding GmbH, Berlin, was elected to the Supervisory Board of SGL Carbon SE for a further term of office.

Südwesttextil begrüßt den Beschluss des Ministerrats vom 14.02.2023 zu den Härtefallhilfen Energie für KMU, sieht die hohen Auflagen aber kritisch.

Nach langen Diskussionen zwischen Bund und Ländern sind gestern die Härtefallhilfen Energie im Ministerrat beschlossen worden. Die Unterstützungen kommen aus Bundesmitteln und sollen besonders betroffene kleine und mittelständische Unternehmen (KMU) zusätzlich zu den Strom- und Gaspreisbremsen sowie dem Dezemberzuschlag des Bundes entlasten. Südwesttextil, der Verband der südwestdeutschen Textil- und Bekleidungsindustrie, begrüßt, dass die Hilfen voraussichtlich ab März bei der Landesbank beantragt werden können.

Hauptgeschäftsführerin Edina Brenner kommentiert die Entscheidung: „Die Härtefallhilfen Energie kommen, aber leider spät und vor allem mit hohen Auflagen. Die Kombination der Eingrenzung auf eine Größe von bis zu 500 Beschäftigten mit den verknüpften Vorgaben des negativen EBITDA 2022, des Mindestanteils der Energiekosten von sechs Prozent an den Gesamtkosten und der Mindeststeigerung um den Faktor drei, wird dazu führen, dass viele stark betroffene Unternehmen gar keine Hilfen erhalten werden. Die Wettbewerbsfähigkeit eines Unternehmens leidet z.B. auch, wenn dessen Energiekosten knapp unter der genannten Verdreifachung liegen.“

Diese Auflagen entsprechen damit längst nicht den Empfehlungen der Expertenkommission Gas und Wärme, Unterstützungen unabhängig von Branche und Größe zur Verfügung zu stellen. Es ist zudem fraglich, ob der zugeteilte Umfang der Fördermittel durch den Bund für Baden-Württemberg ausreichen wird. Der Verband begrüßt nichtsdestotrotz den Einsatz der baden-württembergischen Landesregierung, sich für energieträgerunabhängige Härtefallhilfen einzusetzen und mit einem eigenen Landesprogramm Entlastung zu schaffen.

The Lenzing Group was increasingly affected by the extreme developments in global energy and raw material markets in the first three quarters of 2022, in line with the impact on the whole of manufacturing industry. The market environment deteriorated sharply, especially during the course of the third quarter, and the worsening consumer climate placed additional pressure on Lenzing’s business performance.

• Revenue in the first three quarters up 24 percent – significant deterioration in market environment impacts earnings performance
• 2022 earnings in the range of current market expectations
• Reorganization and cost reduction program of EUR 70 mn launched
• Supervisory Board appoints new Chief Financial Officer – Nico Reiner succeeds Thomas Obendrauf as of January 1, 2023 (see here)

Outlook
The war in Ukraine, China’s zero-Covid policy and the sharp rise in inflation have had a significant impact on the global economy. In July, the International Monetary Fund downgraded its growth expectations for the current calendar year to 3.2 percent. This deterioration in the market environment is also increasingly affecting the consumer climate as well as sentiment in industries relevant for Lenzing. As a consequence, business prospects worsened significantly in the third quarter.

The Lenzing Interim Report 01-09/2022 is available on the company website.

• Partnership with green power producer Enery and Energie Steiermark realizes construction of a photovoltaic plant with 5.5 MWpeak capacity
• Strategic investments in renewables boost energy independence and reduce carbon footprint

The Lenzing Group has signed an electricity supply contract with green power producer Enery and Energie Steiermark to finance a photovoltaic plant in the Deutschlandsberg region (Styria). The electricity generated will supply the fiber and pulp plant at the Lenzing site after commissioning from the fourth quarter of 2023. The electricity supply contract is limited to 20 years.

The plant’s output will amount to 5.5 MWpeak. This corresponds to the average annual electricity demand of more than 1,700 households. Several photovoltaic systems are already being installed at the Lenzing site, including the largest ground-mounted plant in the province of Upper Austria, whose commissioning is imminent.

In 2019, Lenzing became the first fiber manufacturer to set a target to reduce its carbon emissions by 50 percent by 2030 and to be climate neutral by 2050. This carbon reduction target has been confirmed by the Science Based Targets Initiative. Lenzing is also currently investing in reducing carbon emissions at other sites worldwide. Only recently, the Lenzing Group announced that its Indonesian site will also be relying on green energy in the future.

Prof. Manfred Renner and Prof. Christian Doetsch will take joint leadership of the Fraunhofer Institute for Environmental, Safety and Energy Technology UMSICHT from August 2022. As renowned scientists, they have most recently shaped the direction of the institute as heads of the Products division and Energy division respectively, and will now follow in the footsteps of Prof. Eckhard Weidner, who has entered retirement.

This is the first time in its history that Fraunhofer UMSICHT is led by two directors. Both institute directors began their professional careers at the institute and from August they will have a joint hand in its future.

Prof. Manfred Renner holds a doctorate in mechanical engineering, specializing in process engineering and business development. Since 2006, he has held various roles at Fraunhofer UMSICHT, most recently heading up the Products division and overseeing its 126 employees and its budget of 14.8 million euros. He has set international standards through his award-winning research into a free of water tanning leather tanning process that uses compressed carbon dioxide. With the development of innovative aerogel-based insulation materials for building facades, he has made a significant contribution to environmentally friendly, circular applications in the construction industry and initiated a number of industrial projects. One of the notable technological breakthroughs made by his team was the development of a new type of fire-resistant glass, which can withstand even the most extreme heat. This won his development team the Joseph von Fraunhofer Prize in October 2020.

Alongside becoming institute director, Prof. Renner will also take over the leadership of the Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence Circular Plastics Economy CCPE in August 2022. In this role, he will represent the Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft on a national and international level with regard to the transformation of industry and society to a circular economy. In addition, he will start his professorship in Responsible Process Engineering at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum. Over the course of his professorship, he will shape the systemic development of the circular economy at a corporate, regional and European level.

Prof. Christian Doetsch has worked in energy research for more than 25 years, spending most of this time at Fraunhofer UMSICHT. As head of the Energy division, he managed a team of around 145 employees and was responsible for a budget of approximately 10.4 million euros. His technological focal points are energy storage, Power-to-X technologies including hydrogen electrolysis and chemical conversion, catalysts, and energy system modeling and optimization. His overarching aim is the integration of renewable energies into a cross-sectoral, resilient energy system.

In 2015, Doetsch co-founded the award-winning start-up Volterion GmbH & Co. KG, which develops redox flow batteries. He attained high visibility on a global scale by redesigning stacks, one of the main components of redox flow batteries, an achievement for which he, his team and Volterion representatives were awarded the Joseph von Fraunhofer Prize in May 2021. The energy expert also acts as deputy spokesperson for the Fraunhofer Energy Alliance and task manager for the energy storage group at the International Energy Agency (IEA). He also co-founded the “Open District Hub e. V.,” an association that promotes the energy transition in the sector by means of energy systems integration.

Since January 2020, he has been Professor of Cross Energy Systems at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum. In this role, he conducts research into ecological evaluation and resilience of cross-sectoral energy systems.

• Merkblatt zum Energiekostendämpfungsprogramm vom 21.07.2022

Die Europäische Kommission hat die vierte Säule des Maßnahmenpakets der Bundesregierung für Unternehmen genehmigt, die besonders von den Folgen des russischen Angriffskriegs auf die Ukraine betroffen sind, und startet damit das Energiekostendämpfungsprogramm für energieintensive Industrien. Laut Anlage A des Merkblatts gehören zu den Wirtschaftszweigen mit einem erheblichen Risiko verschiedene Bereiche der Textilindustrie, wie Spinnerei, Weberei, Veredlung, Herstellung von Vliesstoffen, Technische Textilien und Chemiefasern.

Der russische Angriffskrieg auf die Ukraine hat spürbare Auswirkungen auch auf deutsche Unternehmen. Stark gestiegene Energiepreise stellen für viele Unternehmen eine Belastung dar. Das Bundeswirtschafts- und Klimaschutzministerium und das Bundesfinanzministerium haben daher am 8. April 2022 ein Maßnahmenpaket für die von Kriegsfolgen besonders betroffenen Unternehmen vorgelegt. Dieses Maßnahmenpaket umfasst mehrere Komponenten, die Schritt für Schritt umgesetzt werden. Nachdem Ende April bzw. Anfang Mai bereits das KfW-Kreditprogramm eingeführt und die Bund-Länder- Bürgschaftsprogramme erweitert worden sind und seit dem 17. Juni 2022 auch das Margining-Absicherungsinstrument bereitsteht, startet nun die vierte Säule des Pakets, das Energiekostendämpfungsprogramm für energieintensive Industrien.

Antragsberechtigte energie- und handelsintensive Unternehmen können hiernach einen Zuschuss zu ihren gestiegenen Erdgas- und Stromkosten von bis zu 50 Millionen Euro erhalten, der in drei Stufen im Zeitraum Februar bis September 2022 gezahlt wird. Das Hilfsprogramm hat ein geplantes Volumen von insgesamt bis zu 5 Milliarden Euro.

Das Programm dient der Kostendämpfung des Erdgas- und Strompreisanstiegs für besonders betroffene energie- und handelsintensive Unternehmen.

The process industry today still relies primarily on fossil raw materials. A transformation towards regenerative resources, in particular renewable raw materials, is under way. In addition, circular economy, recycling and resilience play important roles in existing and new value chains. The congress "BIO-raffiniert XII", March 7 and 8, 2023 at the Fraunhofer UMSICHT in Oberhausen, takes up these topics and focuses on innovative technologies, sustainability strategies as well as logistics and supply chains. Its thematic focal points will be: Bioeconomy - Strategy and Implementation, Transformation Pathways and New Value Chains. Regional as well as international developments will be addressed.

The institute invites interested experts to present their innovations, concepts, or industrial practice solutions around the bioeconomy transformation in the context of short presentations in English (10 min presentation). The deadline for proposals outlined in a one-page abstract is: Tuesday, September 16, 2022.

Further information online.